Analysis of the Possibility of Using Exhaust Gas Composition in the Diagnosis of a Diesel Engine

The article analyzes the impact of malfunctions in compression-ignition engine systems on exhaust composition and cycle parameters. A naturally aspirated, single-cylinder, four-stroke Farymann Diesel D10 engine was studied, with simulated common failures. The research included laboratory experiments and computer simulations using DIESEL-RK, a tool for optimizing engine processes and thermodynamic cycles. Malfunctions in the injection and intake systems altered the exhaust temperature, pressure rise, and maximum combustion pressure. Changes in exhaust composition were noted, especially in the nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO): intake throttling reduced these concentrations, while a lower injector opening pressure increased them. Laboratory and simulation results were cross-validated, ensuring reliability and providing a comprehensive analysis of the engine's condition.