Modeling the Monty Hall decision problem with reaction kinetics

Using the Monty Hall probability problem as a model system, we ask whether simple chemical reaction mechanisms can implement optimal strategies for non-trivial decision making. In this puzzle, a contestant chooses one of three doors (only one hides a prize), the host-knowing the content-opens another door revealing no prize, and finally the contestant must decide whether to stay with the original choice or switch to the remaining closed door. Assigning distinct molecular species to the player, initial choice, reveal step, and final decision, we encode the problem in mass-action kinetics. For pseudo-first-order conditions, tuning a single rate constant shifts the network continuously between "always-stay" (1/3 success) and "always-switch" (2/3 success) regimes. We derive closed-form, time-dependent expressions for the success kinetics, concluding with a brief discussion of proposed DNA strand-displacement implementations and kinetically hard-wired molecular decision-making.

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Publication Details

Journal
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
Published
2025-01-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1039/d5cp01722j
Primary Topic
Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Type
article
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article

Modeling the Monty Hall decision problem with reaction kinetics

Oliver Steinbock, Wen Zhu
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
article

Modeling the Monty Hall decision problem with reaction kinetics

Oliver Steinbock, Wen Zhu
article en

Abstract

Using the Monty Hall probability problem as a model system, we ask whether simple chemical reaction mechanisms can implement optimal strategies for non-trivial decision making. In this puzzle, a contestant chooses one of three doors (only one hides a prize), the host-knowing the content-opens another door revealing no prize, and finally the contestant must decide whether to stay with the original choice or switch to the remaining closed door. Assigning distinct molecular species to the player, initial choice, reveal step, and final decision, we encode the problem in mass-action kinetics. For pseudo-first-order conditions, tuning a single rate constant shifts the network continuously between "always-stay" (1/3 success) and "always-switch" (2/3 success) regimes. We derive closed-form, time-dependent expressions for the success kinetics, concluding with a brief discussion of proposed DNA strand-displacement implementations and kinetically hard-wired molecular decision-making.

Physical Chemistry Chemical PhysicsVol. 27(28)
Florida State University (US), Florida A&M University - Florida State University College of Engineering (US)
Peace, Justice and strong institutions
Openalex Percentile: Top 87%
Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
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Modeling the Monty Hall decision problem with reaction kinetics — Oliver Steinbock, Wen Zhu · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS