Stabilisation of the critical dog and cat

Stabilising critically ill veterinary patients requires a rapid, systematic approach to identify and address life-threatening abnormalities. A focused physical examination assessing the cardiovascular, respiratory and neurological systems enables swift recognition of critical conditions and the initiation of life-saving therapies. Common interventions during stabilisation include cardiopulmonary resuscitation, oxygen supplementation, fluid therapy, temperature regulation, haemostasis and intracranial pressure management. Haemodynamic point-of-care diagnostics, such as blood gas and lactate analysis, blood pressure measurement and ultrasonography, support the evaluation of perfusion status and cardiovascular stability, guiding fluid and pharmacological therapies to optimise cardiovascular function. Continuous monitoring is essential for evaluating treatment efficacy and detecting complications promptly. Veterinary nurses play a vital role in the emergency response team, performing diagnostic tests, administering treatments and closely monitoring patient responses.