Повышение эффективности энергообеспечения целевых нагрузок беспилотных авиационных систем при управлении вторичными источниками питания

The paper shows that multipurpose systems using Grant-M, Orlan-10, Phoenix, VT-30E, -45, -440, and Rapira unmanned aerial vehicles provide the most effective monitoring of situations across large task performance areas. The power source for the payload equipment in them is supplied by storage batteries with MDM-R voltage stabilizers. Flight research experiments reveal the low efficiency of secondary power sources and substantiated the need to improve the power supply of target loads of unmanned aircraft systems. The causes of discharge of onboard storage batteries with modular voltage converters are established. The leakage current (consumption) values and the efficiency at idle are measured depending on the input voltage. A circuit diagram of a supply current and voltage control device based on an 8-bit ATmega32U4 microcontroller has been developed. The choice of the chip is conditioned by the possibility of reprogramming internally its memory via a serial SPI interface using a standard programmer. The basic circuit diagram of the microcontroller connection via the I2C and SPI protocols is considered. Software for supporting work with various C++ classes and objects has been created in the Rust language, which made it possible to organize the reception and transmission of information about the monitored currents and voltages of the unmanned aerial vehicle payload via a communication channel to a ground control station. Using modern circuit solutions in power supply circuits, a circuit diagram of a low-power voltage converter based on a switch is proposed and a cyclogram of its operation is prepared. The use of the developed lowpower converter allows reducing the power consumption in a standby mode by up to 50 times.