Analysing security and efficiency in a quantum resistant decentralised E-voting system using blockchain, homomorphic encryption and zero knowledge proofs

Digital advancement is restructuring governance and electoral systems which significantly has increased the adoption of electronic voting (e-voting). E-voting has various advantages like being fast, easily accessible and being more transparent than ever. But it has some security concerns like manipulation, data breaches etc. One of the most lightening issues is the advancement of quantum computing. Various traditional protocols like the Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and RSA are prone towards quantum attack which causes e-voting to rely on classical techniques for authentication, confidentiality and integrity. To address these concerns, the concept of quantum-resistant decentralised voting mechanisms has emerged. These mechanisms integrate post-quantum cryptographic techniques to safeguard election integrity in a future where quantum computers may compromise existing cryptographic frameworks. Blockchain technology, homomorphic encryption and zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) collectively enhance security, verification process and voter privacy while mitigating the risks of quantum threats.