Cervical insufficiency: modern concepts in solving the «old» problem

The problem of cervical insufficiency continues to be relevant in modern obstetrics, as prevention of preterm birth is important in the work of a practicing physician. Today, the etiology of cervical insufficiency is still not determined. The article summarizes potential risk factors associated with cervical insufficiency that may be useful for current practice and future research. The authors consider the modern aspects of occurrence and implementation of cervical insufficiency, new strategies and prerequisites in methods of effective prevention and treatment of this pathology. The growing data from metagenomic studies are promising; in particular, violations of the female reproductive tract microbiota, leading to obstetric complications — cervical insufficiency and preterm birth, as well as encouraging strategies for correcting dysbiotic conditions.