Prevalence and Treatment of Malignant Neoplasms Among Patients in the Second Clinical Group

Malignant neoplasms remain one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, including in Kazakhstan. Patients in the second clinical group, who require specialized treatment, make up a significant portion of cancer patients. The second clinical group includes patients who need active anti-tumor treatment, such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and other methods. The effectiveness of treatment and survival in this group depends on timely diagnosis, adequate treatment, and contraindications. Studying the prevalence of malignant neoplasms and analyzing the treatment outcomes among this category of patients is crucial for developing strategies to improve oncological care.The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of malignant neoplasms and analyze treatment outcomes among patients in the second clinical group in the Republic of Kazakhstan from 2018 to 2022.Methods. The study utilized data collected from reports on the treatment of patients in the second clinical group from 2018 to 2022. Statistical analyses, including analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the chi-square test, were conducted to compare the prevalence and effectiveness of treatment across different years.Results. The analysis revealed that the prevalence rates among patients in the second clinical group remained relatively stable during the period from 2018 to 2022. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the chi-square test did not show significant differences across the years, indicating a lack of substantial changes in treatment and patient survival. The main reasons for the modest progress were insufficient access to high-tech equipment and uneven resource distribution. The study highlighted the need for improved diagnostics and enhanced monitoring of treatment standards.Conclusions. The study's findings emphasize the importance of continuing efforts to improve oncological care in Kazakhstan. The stability of prevalence and treatment outcomes indicates a need to revise existing strategies and focus on more targeted resource allocation to enhance the treatment outcomes and survival of patients in the second clinical group.Keywords: malignant neoplasms, second clinical group, prevalence, treatment, Kazakhstan, oncological care.