Safety plan modelling for resource-constrained construction projects to optimise cost, time, and safety risk

The intense competition to achieve project goals has increased due to limited resources in construction projects. No studies have compared the trade-off between time, cost, and safety while considering resource and equipment constraints. Equipment constraints may affect project scheduling and increase safety risks. Therefore, a project scheduling model that considers equipment constraints, time, cost, and safety risks is needed. This study aims to optimise cost, time, and safety risk by modelling safety plans in project scheduling problems with resource constraints. By solving this model, feasible solutions for time, cost, and safety risk trade-offs are provided. In addition, the model could also evaluate the risks of project activity, the risk of equipment and overtime, and minimise the overall safety risk of the project.