Transport sociolectisms in Ukrainian-language media of the early 21st century

The article examines transport sociolectisms that function in the mass media of the early 21st century. These are mainly substandard units that have not yet been recorded in Ukrainian sociolect dictionaries. The material for the study was transport sociolectisms selected by the method of continuous sampling from various mass media (over 120 words). A characteristic feature of the language of mass media in recent years is the intensification of the use of various sociolectisms from the sphere of transport in order to give the message greater imagery, emotionality and expressiveness, often non-stenciledness, as well as to facilitate the perception of information by readers, listeners, viewers. The article analyzes in detail the main thematic groups of transport substandard vocabulary. It was found that in a number of genres of mass media (interview, report, conversation, feuilleton, commentary) the most numerous is the group for designating various brands and features of cars and other means of transportation. Also considerable are the names of various parts of cars, nominations of actions and states, naming drivers. Less numerous are the groups for designating poor-quality cars or vehicles with defects or damage, for naming types of fuel, and various sociolectisms inextricably linked with transport. It was shown that in all thematic groups, evaluative units dominate, which appeared mainly due to metaphorical transfer. It was found that in the word formation of transport sociolectisms, semantic derivation significantly prevails, suffixation and univerbation are productive. Prefixal, prefix-suffixal methods and composition are less productive in the creation of the analyzed words. Synonymy is also characteristic of substandard vocabulary.