PROBLEMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN CULTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF POSTMODERNISM AND GLOBALIZATION

Particular issues in the development of contemporary Ukrainian culture are examined. In addition to the issue of belonging to the European community, national Ukrainian culture is currently facing many others. First and foremost, cultural creators must feel subjective internal freedom after many years of pressure from ideological frameworks. This encourages reflections on the nature of human aggressiveness, sexuality, the relationship between the rational and the irrational in humans, and so on. Alongside this, there is the issue of external freedom, which generates fear in the creative individual of being misunderstood, overly ideologized, or politicized. It is accompanied by a sense of a peculiar internal censorship that hinders the creative process. This censorship is particularly felt in scientific research activities, where one must analyze intentionally forgotten or ignored national treasures and cultural achievements by various occupiers. It is important to emphasize the moral responsibility of the cultural creator. Related to the aforementioned is the issue of the desacralization of culture, when its achievements are valued as sacred, not subject to denial or criticism. In the era of Postmodernism, sacrality is called into question; moral evaluation of cultural heritage should be taught by family, the Church, or school. These institutions are currently questioned in Ukraine as moral authorities, and traditional national symbols, such as the vyshyvanka, are similarly viewed with skepticism, as they now appear in the fashion industry as an element of clothing. Connected to the aforementioned issues is the problem of forming a new type of rationality, becoming accustomed to the Other, and recognizing the diversity of values, interpretations, and understandings. In this, the indispensable role of education is based on the best European standards, while necessarily preserving the national language and traditions. An important condition for the development of contemporary national Ukrainian culture is overcoming provincialism, a long-standing habit and necessity of orienting itself toward different capitals as high examples. For over thirty years, Ukraine has been an independent state that is obliged to nurture and develop its unique culture and preserve its identity in the context of globalization.