An advanced geological forecast method of tunnels based on multi-source data fusion of full-process information

The existing advanced geological forecast methods consider the integration of multiple source information，but still face issues such as limited participation of geological information and incomplete sources of integrated data. This study proposes a multi-source data fusion method for tunnel advanced geological forecast based on the full-process construction information. It screens and establishes a full-process indicator system，containing 7 major categories and 232 indicators，and a targeted unfavorable geological problem indicator system. Besides，A mapping conversion method of <italic>ITV-IRV</italic>(indicator test value and indicator risk value)，which combine quantitative indicator segment functions，semi-qualitative indicator node interpolation，and qualitative indicator threshold classification，is proposed，as well as a data area segmentation method. Finally，Analytic Hierarchy Process and Huber Weighting method are used for weight analysis. Fuzzy Fusion Theory and so on methods are applied for data fusion and obtaining the risk probabilities of unfavorable geological problems. The results show that：(1) The full-process indicator system and unfavorable geological problem indicator system provide comprehensive advanced geological forecast indicators. (2) The <italic>ITV-IRV</italic> mapping conversion method，data area segmentation method and indicator weight analysis methods，enable data normalized across indicators and be ready for multi-source data fusion. (3) The multi-source data fusion operation，combining mathematical geological logic，Fuzzy Fusion Theory，and other fusion methods，can accurately and effectively obtain the risk probabilities of unfavorable geological problems. (4) Engineering applications demonstrate that the proposed advanced geological forecast method improves forecasting accuracy，enhances comprehensiveness，increases efficiency and effectively guides construction.