The role of geothermal and wind energy in hydrogen production: towards a carbon-free future

Abstract This study explores the impact of the excessive utilization of fossil fuels on the environment. It highlights the potential of utilizing non-conventional energy sources, specifically geothermal and wind energy, to produce green hydrogen. The study includes various hydrogen production methods that integrate with these non-conventional energy resources and evaluates their feasibility as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. The processes involved in hydrogen production include the Kalina cycle, the Rankine cycle, and the utilization of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolysis. The paper also addresses the challenges & opportunities associated with green hydrogen production, including environmental impacts, investment costs, infrastructure limitations and land availability. Additionally, it provides insights into the economic & environmental benefits of adopting renewable energy-integrated hydrogen production. It proposes solutions to overcome the identified challenges, ultimately promoting a carbon-free future.