Antidiabetic, Hypolipidemic and Hepatoprotective Potential of Edible Leaves Extract from the Plant Chenopodium album (Linn) in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Diabetes is a long-term illness that affects a large number of people globally. It increases a patient’s risk of morbidity and death, especially from cardiovascular disease. The current study aims to assess the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic potentials of C. album leaves extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Acute toxicity tests and oral glucose tolerance tests were carried out. Streptozotocin (45 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally to Swiss albino mice to cause diabetes. Diabetic mice subjected to oral administration of C. album extracts (CAL 200 and 400 mg/kg), metformin as standard (DS, 150mg/kg) and/or vehicle (DC) once daily for 15 days and age-matched healthy mice were used as normal control (NC). Blood glucose level and body weight of mice were measured on 0 day before and 5, 10 and 15 days of treatment. To measure serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG), mice were eventually killed, and blood samples were taken. The C. album extract improved glucose tolerance and no sign of toxicity was noticed in mice treated with the extract. Diabetic mice treated with C. album extract showed significant attenuation in blood glucose level and lipid profile. Moreover, oral treatment with C. album extracts significantly reduced SGPT and SGOT levels; and improved body weights in mice. The C. album extract was considered to be both safe and beneficial in terms of glucose and lipids reducing effectiveness, and might be used to protect liver function in diabetic mice.