ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО РОЗВИТКУ МАЛОГО ТА СЕРЕДНЬОГО БІЗНЕСУ В УМОВАХ МІЛІТАРНОГО ВПЛИВУ

In the current conditions of a transformational economy, intensified by war, the militarization of economic priorities, and a general climate of uncertainty, there is an urgent need to rethink theoretical approaches to the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The aim of the research is to systematize and generalize theoretical approaches to SME development under conditions of military influence, and to identify the specific features of enterprise adaptation in crisis environments. The object of the research is the theoretical foundations and concepts of SME development under conditions of war, occupation, and economic uncertainty. The methods of the research include a systemic and comparative-analytical approach, historical-logical analysis, content analysis, typologization of economic theories, and critical analysis of the security-related factors influencing SME functioning. The research hypothesis suggests that combining classical economic approaches with theories of adaptability, institutional resilience, and innovative entrepreneurship enables the formation of a relevant model for SME development under military influence. The statement of basic materials. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of theoretical approaches to SME development, taking into account the challenges arising from armed conflict and economic instability. Classical concepts (A. Smith, D. Ricardo), J. Schumpeter’s innovation theory, and the resource-based view (J. Barney, B. Wernerfelt) are examined. Originality and practical significance of the study. It is proposed to expand the characteristics of SME development, which can be used in the formation of the policy of supporting SMEs in the conditions of military influence by adding a new one – incremental. Conclusions The development of small and medium-sized businesses in the context of military influence requires adaptation of theoretical foundations to the realities of wartime. The theories of classical economics, innovative entrepreneurship, and the resource-oriented approach remain relevant, but need to be transformed through the prism of military influence