СТИМУЛЮВАННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ ОБОРОННО-ПРОМИСЛОВОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ: СВІТОВІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ВІТЧИЗНЯНІ ТРЕНДИ

Innovative activities in Ukraine's defense industry contribute to the creation of the latest weapons, increase production efficiency and reduce costs, and provide a technological advantage over the enemy, which is critical in the context of russia's large-scale armed aggression. The purpose of the study is to analyze global trends in stimulating innovation in the defense industry and to highlight innovative defense trends in Ukraine. The object of the study is global trends and domestic trends in the development of innovations at defense industry enterprises. Methods used in the study. The general methodology is based on a dialectical approach to analyze the unity of challenges and opportunities for innovation at defense enterprises, a comparative analysis of international experience in financing and implementing innovations. The main hypothesis of the study is the assumption that the pace and quality of innovation in the activities of defense industry enterprises depends not only on the volume of financial investments, but also on a number of objective and subjective factors. Summary of the main material. It is noted that modern innovations in the defense industry are focused on creating asymmetric advantages through the introduction of new technologies. Based on the analysis, the author identifies the key areas of technological development of defense industry enterprises: integration of artificial intelligence into combat operations, logistics and threat detection systems; development of more advanced military equipment; military robotics and autonomous systems; Internet of Military Things; war in cyberspace; immersive technologies; additive manufacturing; big data and analytics; 5G infrastructure; blockchain. It is proved that the development of the defense industry of Ukraine is significantly ahead of global trends. It is shown that the dynamics of innovation depends on strategic partnerships, investments in R&D, and an effective regulatory framework. The author has developed a number of promising areas of innovative development of the domestic defense industry: technologies for the production of unmanned aerial vehicles; artificial intelligence and cyber warfare; and maritime unmanned systems. Based on the results of the analysis, the following methods of stimulating innovation at Ukrainian defense industry enterprises are proposed: development of public-private partnerships; financing through grants and competitions; tax incentives; acceleration of technology transfer; international cooperation. The originality and practical significance are due to the well-grounded analytical tools for analyzing the innovation activity of defense industry enterprises, which allowed to formulate methodological approaches to stimulating the innovative development of defense industry enterprises. Conclusions and Prospects for Further Research. It has been substantiated that the innovation activity of the enterprises of the defense industry of Ukraine in 2022-2025 demonstrates significant progress in the development of the industry. The key success factors were: active state support and regulatory changes; a significant increase in investment in the industry; successful international cooperation; development of the private sector and the startup ecosystem. A promising area for further research may be the study of the integration processes of civil-military technologies and the consequences of scaling up startups in the production of innovative military products.