Influence of Bi4Ti3O12 Doping on Structure, Microstructure, and Electrical Properties of (K, Na, Li)(Nb, Sb)O3 ceramics

This study used a molten salt method to fabricate the templates of Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT).The assynthesized BIT templates exhibited orthorhombic perovskite structures with 5-20 m long and 0.5-1 m wide plate-like morphologies.The results showed that using BIT templates improved the piezoelectric properties of the01, 0.02, and 0.03].The experimental results revealed that the (1 -x)KNLNS -xBIT samples sintered at 1100 C had pure perovskite phases for a low BIT content (x 0.02).The (1 -x)KNLNS -xBIT sample sintered at 1100 C showed good densification behaviors and a high density for a 0.02 mol BIT content.The 0.98KNLNS -0.02BIT ceramics exhibited a high ceramic density of 4.51 g/cm 3 , with a fairly uniform microstructure, clear grain boundaries, and a 1.29 m large grain size.Optimum piezoelectric properties of kp = 0.36, d33 = 189 pC/N, r = 1017, Qm = 115, and a high Curie temperature TC = 381 C were obtained in 0.98KNLNS -0.02BIT ceramics.