STUDY OF THE AVIAN FAUNAL BIODIVERSITY IN THE WETLANDS OF DURG DISTRICT, INDIA

Wetlands are crucial ecosystems that support a rich diversity of life, serving as important habitats for both resident and migratory bird species. These ecosystems function as breeding grounds for some species and as wintering sites for others, thus playing a significant role in maintaining avian biodiversity. This study surveys the relationship between wetland habitat characteristics and the species richness of avifauna in the wetland of Durg District. A comprehensive bird survey was conducted using the point count method from October 2023 to February 2024. Birds were categorized based on their residential status and abundance. Biodiversity was evaluated through various ecological indices, including the Shannon Diversity Index, Simpson's Index, Evenness/Equitability Index, and Species Richness, to assess the richness and distribution patterns of avifaunal species across different habitats. A total of 61 bird species were recorded, belonging to 28 families and 14 orders. Of these, 38 species were classified as residents, 12 as winter migrants, 11 as local migrants, and 1 as a passage migrant. In terms of abundance, 16 species were considered frequent, 29 species were common, and 17 species were rare. The findings of the study provide valuable insights into the seasonal dynamics of bird populations in wetlands and the factors influencing species diversity. These results underscore the importance of wetland conservation for maintaining bird diversity, particularly in regions that serve as crucial stopover points for migratory species