Impact of Dufour and thermal radiation on unsteady MHD blood flow through bifurcated arteries with heat source and chemical reaction

The analytical study of heat and mass transfer on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) blood flow through bifurcated arteries under influence of an inclined magnetic field with thermal radiation and chemical reaction in the presence of Dufour effect has been investigated. The induced magnetic and electric fields generated by the blood are assumed to be negligible due to the low magnetic Reynolds number. The dimensionless system of governing equations was solved analytically with appropriate boundary conditions. The regular perturbation theory has been utilized to obtain the analytical solution for velocity, temperature and molar species of biofluid (blood). The validation of the analytical method was found suitable by obtaining numerical solutions with MATLAB and compared with the analytical results. The influence of Dufour number, magnetic field parameter, heat source parameter, Prandtl number, thermal radiation, Schmidt number and chemical reaction are discussed in details. Dual solutions for the axial velocity, temperature distribution, concentration profile, local skin coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number were presented graphically for realistic values of and as well as for arbitrary values of other parameters. The behaviour of primary parameter has been notably observed that the temperature variation was strongly dependent on concentration gradient due to the presence of Dufour effect. An increase in magnetic field and thermal radiation reduces the blood velocity within the arterial layers by generating a Lorentz force. An increase in Dufour number corresponds to lower molecular diffusivity due to the dispersal momentum diffusivity that leads to rise temperature gradient.