Adaptive Sampling Framework for Imbalanced DDoS Traffic Classification

Imbalanced data is a major challenge in network security applications, particularly in DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) traffic classification, where detecting minority classes is critical for timely and cost-effective defense. Existing machine learning and deep learning models often fail to accurately classify such underrepresented attack types, leading to significant degradation in performance. In this study, we propose an adaptive sampling strategy that combines oversampling and undersampling techniques to address the class imbalance problem at the data level. We evaluated our approach using benchmark DDoS traffic datasets, where it demonstrated improved classification performance across key metrics, including accuracy, recall, and F1-score, compared to baseline models and conventional sampling methods. The results indicate that the proposed adaptive sampling approach improved minority class detection performance under the tested conditions, thereby improving the reliability of sensor-driven security systems. This work contributes a robust and adaptable method for imbalanced data classification, with potential applications across simulated sensor environments where anomaly detection is essential.

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Publication Details

Journal
Sensors
Published
2025-06-24
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/s25133932
Primary Topic
Network Security and Intrusion Detection
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Adaptive Sampling Framework for Imbalanced DDoS Traffic Classification

Hongjoong Kim, Kyoung-Sook Moon, Deokhyeon Ham
Sensors
Network Security and Intrusion Detection
article

Adaptive Sampling Framework for Imbalanced DDoS Traffic Classification

Hongjoong Kim, Kyoung-Sook Moon, Deokhyeon Ham
article en

Abstract

Imbalanced data is a major challenge in network security applications, particularly in DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) traffic classification, where detecting minority classes is critical for timely and cost-effective defense. Existing machine learning and deep learning models often fail to accurately classify such underrepresented attack types, leading to significant degradation in performance. In this study, we propose an adaptive sampling strategy that combines oversampling and undersampling techniques to address the class imbalance problem at the data level. We evaluated our approach using benchmark DDoS traffic datasets, where it demonstrated improved classification performance across key metrics, including accuracy, recall, and F1-score, compared to baseline models and conventional sampling methods. The results indicate that the proposed adaptive sampling approach improved minority class detection performance under the tested conditions, thereby improving the reliability of sensor-driven security systems. This work contributes a robust and adaptable method for imbalanced data classification, with potential applications across simulated sensor environments where anomaly detection is essential.

SensorsVol. 25(13)
Gachon University (KR), Korea University (KR)
National Research Foundation, National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
Peace, Justice and strong institutions
Openalex Percentile: Top 84%
Network Security and Intrusion Detection
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Adaptive Sampling Framework for Imbalanced DDoS Traffic Classification — Hongjoong Kim, Kyoung-Sook Moon, et al. · Sensors (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS