Trattamento della scabbia

Background. Scabies, a parasitic dermatosis caused by Sarcoptes scabiei, is classified by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease due to its global burden. In recent years, Emilia-Romagna has reported a significant increase in scabies cases, with higher incidence among males, children, adolescents, and young adults. This guideline aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of scabies, focusing on target populations and types of scabies, with specific considerations for pediatric patients. Materials and methods. This consensus document was developed by a multidisciplinary team of dermatologists, pediatricians, public health officials, and pharmacists from the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy). It is based on systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and international guidelines published in the last six years (2019–2024). Results. Permethrin 5% topical cream remains the first-line therapy. Benzyl benzoate and oral ivermectin are effective alternatives in selected cases; oral ivermectin is specifically recommended for treating large groups or patients with extensive eczema. Crusted scabies requires a combination of topical and systemic agents, along with keratolytics. Early treatment of close contacts and a structured two-week follow-up are also recommended. A practical section on pediatric topical application is included to assist caregivers and improve compliance. Conclusion. This guideline supports healthcare professionals in the standardized management of scabies and emphasizes the need for effective interventions to address the rising incidence of cases.