The effect of the lipase enzyme on rumen metabolism and nutrient absorption in bull calves aged 14–15 months

Lipase is an enzyme that is responsible for the breakdown of fats into glycerol and free fatty acids. These products are then absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract of the animal and are involved in the formation of specific fat compositions for each species, which are then used by the body as an energy source or deposited in the underlying tissues and internal organs. The aim of the study was to study the effect of lipase exoenzyme in dosages of 25 g/t and 50 g/t on rumen metabolism and nutrient absorption in ruminants. The objects of research are cicatricial fluid (RJ) obtained from Kazakh white-headed bull calves with an average weight of 310–320 kg at the age of 14–15 months (4 heads in each group). Exoenzyme preparation: experimental group I — lipase 25 g/t; experimental group II — lipase 50 g/t. With an increase in the concentration of lipase in feed, the level of total nitrogen in the rumen content increases significantly, in the II experimental group this indicator was 99.42 mmol/l, which is 24.55% higher than in the I experimental group and 50.60% (p < 0.05) higher than in the control. The digestibility of dry matter in the first experimental group was higher by 6.09% (p < 0.05), crude protein — by 5.22%, crude fiber — by 6.10% (p < 0.05), as well as the level of assimilation of essential and macronutrients relative to the control group. Thus, lipase is a powerful digestive stimulant for animals. This can affect the growth and development of calves and reduce the cost of feed, as the efficiency of using fat, which is contained in the main raw materials of the diet, increases significantly.