Research on shared energy storage capacity configuration and dual layer collaborative operation of microgrids

With the reform of the electricity market, multiple stakeholders such as microgrid operators (MGO) and shared energy storage operators (SESO) have joined in. Therefore, in order to simulate the joint operation of the two in reality, this article constructs a collaborative operation model of the two. The upper layer aims to configure SESO capacity and minimize operating costs, while the lower layer aims to minimize MGO operating costs. The coupling effect between the upper and lower layers is achieved through the purchase and sale prices between the two. The initial purchase and sale price is set by SESO, and the lower level MGO responds based on the price. By determining whether the convergence criteria are met, the equilibrium state of collaborative decision-making in the system is ultimately achieved. Due to the presence of 0-1 variables in the lower layers of the two-layer model, it is a two-layer mixed integer programming model without strong duality and cannot be solved using traditional heuristic algorithms. Therefore, this article proposes the use of binary method to solve the stackelberg game model, and completes the scheduling optimization of both while determining the optimal capacity of SESO, Finally, a numerical analysis was conducted, and the simulation results verified the effectiveness of the model.