Design of Multisense Antenna With Coupled Lines Based on Cryptogenic Particle Swarm Optimization

This letter proposed the Cryptogenic particle swarm optimization (CPSO) and a novel design methodology for multi-sense antennas. The TM10 mode with varying phase delays of the proposed antenna is implemented by incorporating two coupled lines, and the phase diversity of the TM10 modes enables the antenna to achieve orthogonal circular polarization across a few adjacent frequency bands. CPSO integrates the cryptogenic mechanism within particle swarm optimization (PSO) to direct the design of multi-sense antennas. When the antenna design process reaches local optimality, CPSO can offer a means to transition to a more optimal solution. The proposed antenna attains the impedance bandwidths of 128MHz (2.326GHz ∼2.454GHz) and 23MHz(2.541GHz∼2.564GHz), with the circular polarization operating bands of 2.354GHz∼2.369GHz (Left-handed circular polarization), 2.432GHz∼2.448GHz (Right-handed circular polarization), and 2.549GHz∼2.56GHz (Left-handed circular polarization), respectively. The frequency ratio between the highest and lowest operating bands is 1.08. This represents the inaugural implementation of multi-sense antennas.