Analysis, design, and validation of interleaved Luo converter for low-power electric vehicle battery charging applications

Abstract As air pollution increases, the air quality index for most cities is high, creating an alarming situation for everyone. Global warming and current climate change are the consequences of increasing air pollution. One of the solutions to this is switching to electric vehicles. Many countries are transitioning to electric cars, but this sector still requires significant advancements. Most of the electric vehicle charging still relies indirectly or directly on fossil fuels for energy generation. The main aim of this work is to reduce the dependency of electric vehicle charging on fossil fuel-based energy generation. The proposed converter uses solar-based energy as input to the proposed converter. The proposed converter is a non-isolated, interleaved Luo converter that can effectively charge electric vehicles. Connecting a solar array at the input side provides the converter with a DC source, which it can further boost or reduce based on its needs. The functioning of the converter is discussed below with the steady-state modeling and loss calculation. The converter is simulated using PLECS to analyze its operation and the behavior of various components. The converter was analyzed utilizing the 48 V lithium-ion battery to evaluate its functionality for electric vehicle battery charging. The Keysight IntegraVision Power Analyzer PA2203A was used to measure different factors, such as voltage, current in storage elements and active components, and the overall efficiency of the converter. A hardware prototype of 100 W is implemented, and results are obtained.The efficiency of the converter is 93.518%. Therefore, the interleaved Luo converter is suitable for charging electric vehicles using renewable energy sources.