The effect of types anesthesia on neonate's Apgar score in cesarean section

Background: The type of anesthesia is important in maternal and fetal well-being. There is different information about the effect of general and spinal anesthesia on APGAR scores and hemodynamic stability for maternal, so in this study, a comparison was made following these two methods. Objective: To compare anesthetic types regarding feto-maternal outcomes. Determine the effect of anesthesia type on neonate APGAR score, determine the effect of anesthesia type on the material's hemodynamic stability, and determine the effect of induction time on neonate APGAR score. Materials and Methods: This study is a clinical trial and 60 term pregnant women were selected from who came to the Zahra Teaching Hospital, Al Furat Al-Awsat teaching hospital, and divided into general (n = 30) and spinal (n = 30) anesthesia groups. Then APGAR scores in the first and fifth minutes were measured in infants. Also, maternal age, cause of cesarean, sex, and duration of cesarean section time were all documented. Also for two groups spinal and general anesthesia take vital signs systolic blood pressure and pulse rate non-invasively after 5, 15, & 30 minutes intraoperative. Results: The results of our study show that there is a significant difference in the APGAR score between spinal and general anesthesia after one and five minutes with p-value (0.0001S, 0.028S), also SPO2 with p-value (0.033S, 0.010S). In addition, there is a significant difference in the mothers' systolic blood pressure and pulse rate between spinal and general anesthesia after 5 minutes with p-value (0.004, 0.005), 15 minutes with p-value(0.008, <0.0005), & 30 minutes with p-value (0.001, <0.0005) sequentially intra-operatively. Conclusion: First-minute APGAR score of newborns of mothers under spinal anesthesia was more than those of mothers under general anesthesia but there was no difference between their five-minute APGAR scores. therefore, it is recommended to use spinal anesthesia as much as possible in cesarean section.