The association between socioeconomic factors and obstetric dimensions in pregnancy: an online cross-sectional study

Abstract Aim A person's socio-economic status in society influences their living environment, living conditions, and behavioral structures. Existing data shows a higher incidence of many diseases and health problems in people with low socioeconomic status. Several studies have shown a higher risk of irregularities in pregnancy in relation to indicators of low socioeconomic status (low education level, low occupational status, and low income). The aim of the present study is to determine possible correlations between socioeconomic characteristics and obstetric factors relevant to the prenatal phase. Methods From January to September 2023, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted among mothers residing in Austria, covering demographic characteristics, the classification of their financial and social situation, and aspects relevant to pregnancy and childbirth. Results According to our results, the socio-economic status of women, defined in this survey by the indicators education, subjective status location, and financial possibilities, shows an association with psychological (exhaustion, worries and fears, stress) and physical (complaints, complications) processes during pregnancy. There is also a link between preventive behaviour and the use of antenatal care. A woman's level of education seems to have a strong protective effect. Conclusion As educational attainment is the strongest predictor of women's wellbeing and positive health behaviours during pregnancy, promoting health literacy in the population should be a particular focus.