Forest aboveground biomass products of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 2013 to 2023

<p indent="0mm">The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is an important ecological security barrier in China. Accurately estimating the aboveground biomass (AGB) of forests on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and elucidating their spatial distribution characteristics are crucial for ecosystem monitoring and protection, carbon cycle research, carbon reserve estimation, and elucidation of forest-climate interactions. Estimation of forest AGB in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a challenging task due to the high altitude, complex climate and varied topography, which exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity. In this study, the random forest regression model is used to analyse forest AGB samples collected in the field. Potential driving factors including surface reflectance, vegetation index, meteorological data and topographic data are considered. The feature selection method of backward feature elimination is used to improve model accuracy (the optimal model achieves an R² of 0.78 and an RMSE of <sc>33.79 t</sc>/ha). The high spatial resolution <sc>(30 m)</sc> forest AGB products of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 2013 to 2023 are generated. The product can reflect the temporal and spatial distribution pattern of forest biomass in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and provide scientific reference for the formulation of forest protection and management policies in the region.