An Energy-Efficient Clustering Technique of Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

The technology of wireless sensor networks (WSN) has recently gained widespread recognition as an emerging one. A WSN consists of a set of sensors powered by batteries. Inaccessible locations usually make it difficult to replace or recharge sensors' batteries. These networks are plagued by energy consumption, which is the main problem. The clustering algorithms are remarkably effective in dealing with such problems in this regard. As a result, this technique appears to help reduce node energy consumption, which ultimately increases the network's lifespan. Heterogeneous and homogeneous clustering algorithms exist. In homogeneous clustering algorithms, all nodes have the same technical characteristics, whereas, in heterogeneous clustering algorithms, some nodes have greater capacities than others. The paper presents several recent clustering algorithms associated with WSNs. There are different categories of algorithms based on the nodes' mobility and typology. Moreover, some algorithms have been simulated to compare their energy consumption and lifetimes on networks.