Overexcitability patterns according to Dabrowski's theory for Iraqi Premier League and Premier League football referees

Objective: Developing a Overexcitability scale based on Dabrowski's theoretical patterns for Iraqi Premier League referees, and identifying the most representative Overexcitability pattern based on Dabrowski's theoretical patterns for Iraqi Premier League referees. Research methodology: The researcher followed a descriptive survey approach to suit the research procedures. The research community included field referees, assistant referees, and VAR referees for the Iraqi Premier League and the 2024/2025 football season, totaling (227) referees. The research sample for constructing the Overexcitability scale was (215) referees, representing (94.71%) of the research community. Result: The development of the referee's personality depends on the type and number of the super-arousal patterns he possesses. It has been shown that if the referee possesses high levels of arousal in all five patterns, this leads to significant development in personality. Conclusions: A tool was developed to measure the concept of Overexcitability patterns, according to Dabrowski's theory, among Iraqi football referees, and the sensorimotor Overexcitability pattern is the most representative of the Overexcitability patterns among Iraqi football referees.