Counteraction and Prevention of Criminal-Unlawful Encouragements Against Judges During Their Administration of Justice in Criminal Proceedings: Domestic Realities and Foreign Experience

The article examines the key features of prevention and prevention of criminal-unlawful attacks on judges as participants in criminal proceedings during their administration of justice, in particular, at the stage of their issuing court decisions in criminal proceedings, in the context of ensuring their safety. Based on the study of foreign experience on ways to solve the specified problem in the criminal process, it was stated that the key features of criminal-unlawful attacks on judges are: physical attacks, psychological impact, attacks on property, attacks of an information and technological nature, etc. The author identifies the main factors that determine the vulnerability of judges to criminal and unlawful influence, analyzes typical forms of criminal and unlawful attacks on judges, their cause-and-effect mechanism. The article examines the regulatory and legal framework for ensuring the safety of judges in Ukraine and international legal standards in this area. A comprehensive approach to the formation of a multi-level system of protection of judges is proposed, which includes institutional, organizational, legal and technical measures to prevent criminal and unlawful attacks. Special attention is paid to the issues of early detection of threats of possible attacks and effective response to them. The analysis of international experience in the prevention and prevention of criminally unlawful attacks on judges in criminal proceedings conducted in the article is invaluable for the urgent need to improve the institution of preventing the commission of criminal offenses against judges, since today in Ukraine there is an urgent need to develop an effective system of protection and defense of the analyzed participants in criminal proceedings, given the practical absence of an effective mechanism for implementing the relevant legislation. Based on the analysis of examples of international experience in the prevention and prevention of criminally unlawful attacks on judges during their administration of justice in criminal proceedings, legislative recommendations have been formulated to improve the system for ensuring the safety of judges in Ukraine. Keywords: protection of judges, safety of judges, criminal proceedings, criminally unlawful attack, criminal offense, prevention of criminal offenses, prevention of criminal offenses, justice, judicial power.