Hybrid Renewable Power Integration (Solar+Wind+Thermal+Microwave + Fuel Cell) in eVTOL and Satellites

This research explores the intelligent integration and optimal scheduling of hybrid renewable energy sources—solar, wind, thermal, microwave, and fuel cell—for electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft and satellite systems. With growing interest from organizations such as NASA, the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), Bombardier, and Boeing, the demand for weight-efficient, AI-driven energy autonomy has become critical. Leveraging cutting-edge deep learning architectures including deep reinforcement learning, federated learning, and neural combinatorial optimization, this study proposes a unified model to enhance the energy efficiency of solar-powered UAVs, wind-harvesting aerial vehicles, and deep-space exploration platforms. Our methodology is grounded in an in-depth review and synthesis of the most recent and impactful research (2020–2024) across IEEE and related peer-reviewed journals, including ten key papers that span energy optimization, trajectory scheduling, federated UAV learning, and hybrid microgrid control.