Optimizing Bus Priority Signal Control Considering Queue Length and Average Passenger Delay

Intersections are high-congestion areas in urban roads. Bus priority signal control can achieve optimal intersection performance while providing priority service to buses. This study first analyzed two operational scenarios of buses entering the detection area and calculated the time for buses to reach the stop line and delay variation under different conditions. Next, a bus priority signal control model was established to minimize average passenger delay, using active priority strategies including green light extension and red light early termination to prioritize bus passage. Then, fuzzy control theory was combined with a genetic algorithm to solve for the optimal signal timing adjustment scheme at the intersection, and simulations were conducted using SUMO. The final results show that this method can effectively reduce intersection delays compared to traditional fixed-time methods. When bus proportions are 2%, 4%, and 6%, this method can reduce average delays and queue lengths by more than 20% and 30%.