Microgrid Frequency Control and Economic Operation Optimization with Electric Vehicle Clusters

As a new type of power system architecture, microgrids can effectively realize localized management and optimal utilization of energy. However, microgrids operating in islanding mode need to improve their frequency control strategies due to increased frequency fluctuations caused by load fluctuations without the support of the power grid. Electric vehicle clusters (EVCs) have greater potential for application in microgrid frequency control due to their charging flexibility and fast response capability. Aiming at the problem of frequency fluctuation in microgrids containing EVC clusters, this paper proposes a microgrid frequency control method mediated by EVCs. This paper constructs a microgrid secondary frequency control strategy with the goal of minimizing the net cost of EVs and based on the EV power regulation to balance the load power deviation, which is based only on the interaction of local information with neighboring nodes, and adopts the consistency method to achieve the optimal power distributed regulation of EVs, and realizes the effective smoothing of microgrid power fluctuation and EV cluster operation under the EV charging scenario with the minimization of net cost. The net cost is minimized. Finally, a microgrid system with 2000 EVs is simulated and verified, and the results show that the proposed method effectively reduces the frequency fluctuation of the microgrid caused by active power imbalance, and improves the economy of EV cluster operation.