An Important Risk Factor for Nursing Students: Sharp Instrument Injuries

Objective: Sharp instrument injuries constitute a significant occupational risk for nursing students, exposing them to blood-borne pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, causes, and outcomes of sharp instrument injuries among fourth-year nursing students during their clinical training. Materials and Methods: This prospective and descriptive study was conducted with 190 fourth-year nursing students at a university in Türkiye during the 2022–2023 academic year. Students were divided into two groups, each completing a 14-week clinical placement in either the fall or spring semester. Data were collected using a structured case reporting form and analyzed with descriptive statistics. Results: Sharp instrument injuries occurred in 14.7% of students. The most frequent procedures leading to injury were subcutaneous injections (32.1%) and recapping needles (50.0%). Injuries were most common in internal medicine departments (39.3%) and peaked between days 21 and 40 of clinical practice (42.9%). Primary contributing factors included carelessness (64.3%), insufficient supplies (50.0%), and lack of experience (32.1%). Emotional responses to injury included anxiety (64.3%) and fear (50.0%). All affected students received follow-up care, with no seroconversion for HIV, HBV, or HCV reported. Conclusions: Sharp instrument injuries pose a notable occupational risk for nursing students, primarily due to inexperience, inadequate equipment, and unsafe practices. While simulation training may lower injury rates, increased confidence and speed during clinical placements can heighten risk. Strengthening curricula on safe practices, ensuring supervision, and offering emotional support are key to reducing injuries and enhancing clinical learning.