An optimization model for the maintenance of distribution network equipment based on the optimal update cycle of the state

As the service life of distribution automation terminal equipment increases, its reliability decreases, and the lack of efficient maintenance plans can easily lead to distribution network failures and increase operation and maintenance costs. In response to this issue, this article proposes an optimization model for distribution network maintenance that considers equipment state transition. Firstly, a distribution network state evaluation system is constructed, which divides equipment operating states into four categories: health, abnormality, problem, and serious fault. Based on Markov processes, a four state Markov state transition matrix is built to accurately describe equipment state changes. Secondly, considering the impact of different equipment state transitions on the operation mode of the power grid, an optimal update cycle for distribution network equipment states and an optimization model for distribution network maintenance are designed. This model can flexibly adjust maintenance strategies according to equipment states to ensure stable operation of the power grid. Finally, simulation experiments were conducted, and the results showed that the optimization method proposed in this paper can effectively control the increased operational risks of the power grid caused by equipment failures, significantly improve the reliability of power supply, and provide strong support for the stable operation of the power system.