Development of an IoT-Based Smart System for Toxic Gas Detection and Monitoring of Manholes and Workers

Manholes and other confined spaces are hazardous due to risks like toxic gas exposure, low oxygen levels, and potential accidents. The proposed system is an IoT-based system designed to improve safety by continuously monitoring worker’s health and environmental conditions. Wearable devices equipped with sensors, such as Electrocardiogram (ECG), SpO<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> and temperature to track vital signs of a manhole worker in real time. While gas sensors including MQ4 detect the presence of methane gases. When dangerous conditions are identified, a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) module sends instant alerts to authorities for immediate action, and a gas neutralization feature reduces exposure risks. The proposed system also supports data logging for post-event analysis and system optimization. A simple and intuitive interface guarantees that emergency alerts are both timely and actionable. By integrating IoT technology, this solution provides a reliable and efficient way to enhance worker safety and operational standards in high-risk environments.