The Aesthetics of Line and Form: Formal Language in Yigong Wood Sculpture of Wang Grand Courtyard

This study focuses on the yigong (bracket arms) wood sculpture in the Wang Grand Courtyard in Shanxi Province, approaching the subject from the perspective of fine arts to explore their aesthetic characteristics and visual expression mechanisms within the context of traditional Chinese architectural decoration. As both essential structural connectors and highly ornamental sculptural elements, yigong exemplifies the integration of architecture and art. Through image line-drawing analysis, field observation, and interviews, this research systematically analyzes their compositional strategies, linear organization, and cultural symbolism. The findings reveal that these motifs construct a formal and symbolic visual language between structure and narrative, embodying the traditional Chinese aesthetic ideal of “harmony between form and spirit” and “meaning beyond words.” The study adopts theoretical frameworks from aesthetic scholars to analyze the formal beauty and cultural significance of yigong sculpture from the dimensions of “significant form,” “rhythmic order,” and “symbolic signification.” By examining the yigong sculpture of the Wang Grand Courtyard in depth, the research reveals their visual guidance function in spatial decoration, their narrative function in conveying ethical values, and their symbolic function in representing social identity—demonstrating the multifaceted interaction between decorative art, architectural space, and social consciousness. This research concludes that yigong wood sculpture, as a representative form of traditional Chinese decorative art, are not only the product of exquisite craftsmanship but also a visual narrative system that embodies historical memory and aesthetic concepts. Their refined composition, abstract formal language, and integration of cultural symbols reflect a unique path of artistic expression within architectural contexts, offering significant inspiration and resources for contemporary art design and cultural heritage revitalization.