A new composite index of social inequalities in Romania

Regional inequalities in Romania are not only among the highest in the European Union, but they are also perpetuated by inefficient public policies and an inequitable distribution of resources. Given that inequalities in access to education, healthcare and general services are closely linked to the standard of living and development opportunities, a vicious circle of poverty and social exclusion is created in the lagging regions. Social, economic and political inequalities are closely linked, and research should consider unequal access to essential resources and services, such as education, health services, housing or job opportunities, as essential factors that exacerbate disparities between social groups or regions. Aiming to provide a more comprehensive and clearer image of regional socio-economic inequalities in Romania, we built a new composite index of regional inequalities and examined its long-term convergence trend, as well as its relationship with economic growth. Our research contributes to the identification of areas where interventions can most effectively address social and economic imbalances.