Life-Threatening Hepatitis with Cholangitis as a Side Effect of Dual Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive neoplasm originating from the mesothelial lining of the pleural cavity [1,2]. Its annual incidence is increasing globally and is closely associated with asbestos exposure (accounting for 80% of cases), with a long latency of almost 40 years between exposure and disease onset. The prognosis of MPM is poor, with a median survival of less than 14 months and a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. In Europe, due to differences in asbestos exposure, MM is more common in men (1.7/1000) than in women (0.4/1000).