Central Health Problems of Older Adults Working Beyond Pension Age: Applying Network Analysis to Korean Working Conditions Survey

Older adults are staying in the labor market longer. As the workforce ages, occupational health policies for older workers are required to reduce the burden on occupational safety and health management and maintain workers' health. This study examined the sociodemographic characteristics and health problems of older adults working beyond pension age. Network analysis was used to identify the central health problems reported in the 2017 and 2020-2021 Korean Working Conditions Survey. Results reveal that most older workers belong to blue-collar occupations; they had lower incomes, less education, and worked in ergonomic hazard postures compared to white-collar occupations. The central health problem of the networks in general and blue-collar workers was muscular pain in the upper limbs, which had the highest-strength centrality and showed significant relationships with lower limb pain, backache, and fatigue. In the comparison by occupation types, the central health problem of pink-collar workers in the service and sales sector was lower limb pain. Occupational safety and health systems should consider the relationships of health problems amongst occupation types and determine interventional priorities. The study findings thus hold implications for the establishment of health programs for older workers.