Empirical Analysis of the Impact of the Digital Economy on the Export Competitiveness of China’s Agricultural Products

随着数字经济的发展，数字经济在农产品出口贸易领域扮演着不容忽视的角色。然而当前中国农产品出口面临贸易逆差扩大、增速波动明显、国际竞争力下降等突出问题。本研究基于2015~2023年中国31个省级行政区的面板数据，实证研究了数字经济对农产品出口竞争力的影响及区域异质性。研究表明数字经济对农产品出口竞争力具有显著正向影响。数字基础设施的完善程度直接影响数字经济效应的发挥。区域异质性分析表明，东部地区数字经济的促进作用最为显著，中部次之，而西部地区甚至呈现抑制作用。With the advancement of the digital economy, it has become an indispensable force in the field of agricultural export trade. However, China’s agricultural product exports are currently confronted with prominent challenges, including widening trade deficits, significant fluctuations in growth rates, and a decline in international competitiveness. This study employs panel data from 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China spanning the years 2015 to 2023 to systematically investigate the impact of the digital economy on the export competitiveness of agricultural products. The findings reveal that the digital economy exerts a significant positive influence on agricultural export competitiveness. In particular, the completeness of digital infrastructure plays a crucial role in enhancing the effectiveness of the digital economy. Regional heterogeneity is evident: the digital economy’s promotional effect is most pronounced in the eastern region, followed by the central region, while the western region exhibits a suppressive effect.