Molecular Structure, Vibrational Analysis, and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of a Novel Pyrazole Derivative: Experimental and Computational Study

Objectives: To synthesize the novel compound 5-Amino-3-(4-cyanophenyl)-1-isonicotinoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile (ACIDPC) and perform a comprehensive spectroscopic characterization to evaluate its structural, vibrational, and electronic properties. Methods: The ACIDPC compound was synthesized via an ultrasound-assisted synthesis protocol. Computational analyses were performed using molecular docking software. Spectroscopic and analytical characterizations were carried out using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform Raman (FT-Raman) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and antimicrobial activity assays. Findings: Molecular stability analysis revealed that interactions between the lone pairs of N33 and N1 with the * orbitals, particularly in the C4-C5 and C6-C7 regions, play a crucial role in stabilizing the ACIDPC molecule. The calculated dipole moment of 6.15 Debye suggests strong binding affinity, indicating potential for effective molecular interactions with target receptors. Drug-like properties were assessed, with a bioavailability score of 0.55 indicating favorable pharmacological relevance. Molecular docking studies with proteins, including insulin inhibitor (PDB ID: 2CI2), antimicrobial protein (PDB ID: 2EA9), and antineoplastic protein (PDB ID: 6kLK), demonstrated stable complexes with binding affinities of -6.67, -7.33, and -7.74 kcal/mol, respectively. Novelty: To the best of our knowledge, the novel ACIDPC compound synthesized in this study has not been reported elsewhere. Its molecular docking studies, along with optical characterization, make this research unique. Keywords: Pyrazole, Antimicrobial activity, Insulin inhibitor, Antineoplastic activity, Drug-likeness, ADMET