Performance Analysis of GPSR, DSDV, and AODV Routing Protocols in VANET with respect to Area and Node Scalability

Objectives: To investigate the performance of GPSR, DSDV, and AODV routing protocols in scalable vehicular ad hoc networks with varying node densities. Methods: The simulation utilizes OpenStreetMap generated Mumbai Map Network for the study in SUMO 1.8.0 with OMNeT++ 5.6.2 and Veins 5.2 for analysis purposes. Findings: According to the simulation experiment results, AODV gives better performance than DSDV and GPSR in terms of average throughput (highest 96.3kbps), low packet loss ratio (min. zero), low average end-to-end delay (lowest 0.532 ms), and high packet delivery ratio (highest 100%). Novelty: The simulation is performed for the real-world map containing the most challenging mobility model – the Random Way Point mobility model (Mumbai Map). This paper illustrates how different routing protocols perform in the case of PLR, PDR, average end-to-end delay, and average throughput over varying network area sizes and node density, which can be important for network planning and protocol selection. Keywords: AODV, DSDV, GPSR, ITS, OBU, RSU, TA, VANET, V2I, V2V