Triglyceride Glucose Index: As A Glycemic Control Indicator

Background: Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) continues to be the most common endocrine disease today. Easily accessible, accurate and reproducible markers are needed in addition to the accepted markers to evaluate insulin resistance (IR) and glycemic control. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the use of triglyceride glucose index (TyGI) as an indicator for insulin resistance and glycemic control. Materials and Methods: Triglyceride(TG), HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and total insulin (TI) values of 953 samples, studied simultaneously in our Faculty of Medicine Hospital Laboratory between March 2023 and August 2023, were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups as good and/or poor glycemic control regarding their HbA1c, and the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) values. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the ability of TyGI to discriminate between good and/or poor glycemic control for each of HOMA-IR and HbA1c. Statistical significance level was accepted as p<0.05. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed as well. Results: A total of 953 patients; with the mean age of 40,83±16,78 participated in the study. According to gender, all parameters except age (p: 0,613) showed significant differences (p<0.001). There were significant differences for FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, TI, TG and TyGI parameters according to cut-off values in all two study groups (p<0.001). TG showed high positive correlation with TyGI (r: 0.796, p<0.001) and moderate positive correlation with FBG (r: 0.616, p<0.001) for both study groups, but low positive correlation with the others. TyGI, had a high selectivity and specificity for HOMA-IR with ≥8,76 cut-off value (AUC:0,72, Se:65%, Sp:70% (p<0.001: 95% CI:0,69-0,75)). In ROC analysis, TyGI had the highest AUC value for HbA1c, and the lowest for HOMA-IR group. The risk of poor glycemic control for HOMA-IR in men is 2.247 times higher than in women. As age increases by one unit, the risk of poor glycemic cont-rol for HOMA-IR increases by 1.045 times. Conclusions: TyGI was significantly raised in incident T2DM patients with poor glycemic control. TyGI can act as s simple and useful markers that have the strong predictive capability to identify insuline re-sistance and anticipate the development of incident T2DM.