The Philosophy of Transhumanism and the Question of Ethics in the Age of Enhancements

Due to nowadays' strikingly mind-blowing evolution of science and technology, which have substantially influenced the fields of philosophy, literary and artistic productions including video games, comic books, and cinema, a myriad of philosophical trends have made their way into the academia, most notably posthumanism and transhumanism.These freshly new philosophical trends are characterized by their distinctive and typical critical perspectives on the human condition and their explicit support of mechanization.Indeed, transhumanist philosophers, like Julian Savulescu, Nick Bostrom, Max More, the cybernetics enthusiast Kevin Warwick, and others, consider technology as an essential and most suitable means which, along with its numerous achievements in the last few decades, can fulfill humanity's aspirations.The current advancements in nanotechnology, genetic engineering, artificial intelligence have attracted public attention, raising many ethical questions concerning human sovereignty.This creates a sense of both fear and anxiety and simultaneously provides reasons for the public to hope for a better future.Such ambivalent feelings call for the necessity of regulating enhancement technologies to prevent any kind of social conflict regarding the applications of these increasingly evolving technologies.