Use of the eye-tracking method in research on dyslexia

With the development of non-invasive and easy-to-use devices, the measurement of eye movement is becoming increasingly common in research on language processing. This paper presents the use of eye-tracking devices in dyslexia research, encompassing all aspects of research on this disorder, from aetiology to diagnosis and therapy. In studies examining the causes of dyslexia, two opposing perspectives are presented: the “linguistic” and “non-linguistic” viewpoints, depending on whether the causes are attributed to phonological problems or considered a consequence of deficits in other cognitive or biological functions (e.g., oculomotor deficits). In screening and diagnosis, methods used to measure eye movement increasingly rely on machine learning algorithms that automatically classify signals from the device. The development of fonts and applications is the most common way of incorporating eye movement measurement in therapy.