A method for estimation of biomass energy utilisation by biogas production

Currently, about 10% of the energy in the world is biofuel energy from plant biomass. Anaerobic fermentation is a sustainable technology in waste processing and energy production. First-generation biofuels are made from dedicated feedstocks and conversion technology bioenergy crops. Second-generation biofuels are bio-based products derived from non-food feedstocks, which are agricultural and forestry feedstocks. Third-generation biofuels are produced from aquatically cultivated feedstocks. To assess the output of biogas from biomass, it is necessary to perform calculations of anaerobic fermentation processes. The well-known Buswell model allows for the theoretical determination of the amount of biomethane from a substrate with organic substances. The method estimates the output of anaerobic fermentation products based on theoretical stoichiometric evaluation. Theoretical Biochemical Methane Potential considers all organic substances as biodegradable. The amount of biomethane (nCH₄) is a parameter that depends on the elementary composition of organic matter. To determine nCH₄, measurements and calculations based on elemental analysis are required. The empirical formula of organic matter can be determined using stoichiometric equations. Higher values are obtained for grains and lignin - from 698.6 to 705.4 dm³/kg, for wood and straw the biogas yield is from 476.5 to 514.2 dm³/kg. Solid wastewater sludge - 570 dm³/kg. Biogas from anaerobic fermentation not only represents a clean energy source but also contributes to reducing the volume of solid waste and greenhouse gas emissions. Anaerobic fermentation can also be integrated into various agricultural and industrial processes