Research Progress on 1 064 nm Passively <italic>Q</italic>-switched Picosecond Lasers

Abstract Picosecond lasers are characterized by high pulse energy high power density and low thermal ef fects demonstrating exceptional performance in micro-machining precision cutting and other applications.They are widely utilized in fields such as laser processing aerospace and biomedical engineering.Passive Qswitching technology which achieves pulsed laser output by modulating the Q-factor of the resonator has be come a key method for generating picosecond lasers.This paper reviews the application of passive Q-switching technology in obtaining picosecond pulses with a focus on three distinct technical approaches microchip struc tures semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) as saturable absorbers and bonded crystals all aimed at shortening the cavity length to achieve picosecond pulses while enhancing other performance aspects .It summarizes recent significant advancements in 1 064 nm passive Q-switching technology within picosecond pulsed laser systems and provides insights into the future development and applications of passive Q-switched pi cosecond lasers.