Analysis of the Causes of Four-Character Idioms with “Seven (七)”, “Eight (八)” and “Disorder (乱)” Meanings—Discussion on the Influence of the Formation of the Idiom “Hushuo Badao (胡说八道)”

现代汉语中存在大量含“七”“八”且表“乱”义的成语，学界对其成因的看法并未统一。本文在对语料库进行检索的基础上，对该部分成语各种形式、用法的出现时间进行界定分析，认为这类成语是由表“多”义逐渐发展出“乱”义的，又从“乱七八糟”的典故、与《庄子》《周易》的关系、语音和谐等方面进行语义成因上的考察和推断，最后在其他学者对“胡说八道”成语研究的基础上，通过分析认为这种语义上的联系也是促成成语“胡说白道”发展为“胡说八道”的原因之一。 There are a large number of idioms in modern Chinese that contain “seven (七)” and “eight (八)” and express the meaning of “disorder (乱)”, and there is no unified view in the academic circle on their causes. On the basis of searching the corpus, this article defines and analyzes the appearance time of various forms and usages of this part of idioms, and believes that these idioms gradually developed from expressing “many (多)” to “disorder (乱)” meanings. It also examines and infers the semantic causes of “Luanqi Bazao (乱七八糟)” allusions, the relationship with “Zhuangzi” (“庄子”) and “Zhouyi” (“周易”), and phonetic harmony. Finally, based on the research of other scholars on “Luanqi Bazao (乱七八糟)” idioms, it is analyzed that this semantic connection is also one of the reasons why the idiom “Hushuo Baidao (胡说白道)” eventually developed into “Hushuo Badao (胡说八道)”.