Research on James O’Connor’s Double Crisis Theory

奥康纳在《自然的理由——生态学马克思主义的研究》一书中重新解读了自然与文化的观念，赋予了它们新的思想内涵，并试图将两者补充到马克思所提出的历史唯物主义中去，改造传统马克思主义的生产力和生产关系的概念，重构历史唯物主义。在此理论基础之上，他提出了资本主义的双重危机理论。资本主义双重危机理论的提出是建立在一定的社会背景之下的，也吸收借鉴了马克思关于资本主义危机理论的思想及早期生态学马克思主义学者的思想。在传统马克思主义所论述的经济危机理论前提下，奥康纳通过对资本主义的生产条件分析提出了资本主义的第二重危机，即生态危机。O’Connor reinterpreted the concepts of nature and culture in his book “The Reasons of Nature—A Study of Ecological Marxism”, endowing them with new ideological connotations, and trying to supplement them with the historical materialism put forward by Marx, transforming the traditional Marxist concepts of productivity and production relations and reconstructing historical materialism. On the basis of this theory, he put forward the double crisis theory of capitalism. The theory of capitalist double crisis was put forward under a certain social background, and it also absorbed Marx’s thoughts on capitalist crisis theory and the thoughts of early ecological Marxist scholars. On the premise of the economic crisis theory discussed by traditional Marxism, O’Connor put forward the second crisis of capitalism, namely the ecological crisis, by analyzing the production conditions of capitalism.